Closed-loop liquid cooling; air-side economization most of the year
Basis
Modelled from cooling design — WUE 0.12 L/kWh
Air — what the stacks emit
Nitrogen oxides1,324t/yr
Sulphur dioxide2,648t/yr
Fine particulates244t PM2.5
Health damages$254M/yr
Where it burns
MISO North — Indiana / Illinois
Generation mix
Coal 32 · Gas 28 · Nuclear 17 · Wind 19
CO₂e
2,419 kt/yr — climate, not air quality
Who wanted it
Who asked for it
Anthropic — AWS builds and owns; Anthropic is the anchor compute customer
Who approved it
St. Joseph County rezoning of ~1,200 acres (2022, before the tenant was public); Indiana Michigan Power large-load tariff approved by the IURC in 2025
What it serves
Anthropic model training on AWS Trainium2/3 clusters
IT capacity
600 MW running of 1,800 MW announced
Up to thirty buildings on a former farm field. The IURC tariff was the first in the Midwest to require a data center to cover its own grid upgrades — a template other states have since copied.
Water and air figures are modelled from disclosed capacity, not measured — site-level
error is roughly ±40%. Diesel backup generators are not counted, so on-site figures are floors.
Full method.