Inzai / Greater Tokyo cluster

Digital Realty · NTT · AirTrunk · Inzai, Chiba, Kantō, Japan

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The resource footprint

Modelled average

In one day, this campus consumes about

9.0750-metre swimming pools

Filled with the volume of water consumed by the campus and its electricity supply.

The actual estimate5,987,162 US gallons consumed

50-metre pools · 2 metres deep

Each diagram = 1 pool. Partial shading shows the remainder.

At the campus2,179,280 galMaking its electricity3,807,882 gal

Power-plant water may come from a different watershed. This is a volume comparison, not a claim that households lose this water.

At current operating capacity · Annual model spread evenly over time, not a live meter. Site estimates may differ by roughly ±40%.

Comparison sizes & sources

One pool = 50 × 25 × 2 metres = 2.5 million litres (about 660,430 US gallons). Pool depths vary; this is a defined comparison size.

One home-year = 10,791 kWh, the EIA’s 2022 average US residential electricity purchases. This excludes electricity generated at home and is a fixed US benchmark for all sites.

One car-year = 4.6 tonnes CO₂, the EPA’s typical passenger vehicle tailpipe estimate. The campus model is in CO₂e; the comparison expresses approximate climate scale, not equal mixtures of pollutants.

Monthly values are annual totals ÷ 12; daily values are annual totals ÷ 365. Actual demand varies. Comparisons cover the whole campus, including non-AI uses.

Water: see the numbers and sources

This is water used up, mainly through evaporation. Power-generation water may be used in a different watershed.

Total water use2,185M gal/yr

Evaporated on site795M gal

Making the power1,390M gal

Household comparison27,316homes, at 80,000 gal/year

Pressure on local water: Medium-High — a regional measure of demand compared with available water
Where the water comes from: Municipal potable supply
Cooling: Chilled water with evaporative towers; humid summers limit free cooling
Basis: Modelled from cooling design — WUE 0.74 L/kWh

Air: see the numbers and sources

The totals include nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and fine particles. They cover both this site and the power plants supplying it.

Nitrogen oxides648t/yr

Sulphur dioxide567t/yr

Fine particulates80.9t PM2.5

Health (EPA)$72.8M/yr

Health range: $25.4–72.8 million a year. Lower bound is EASIUR national mid-range; upper is EPA benefit-per-ton at a ~$12M VSL.
Statistical deaths: 6.07 a year at that VSL — a national-average conversion from tons, not a local concentration study.
Equals: 809,424 cars of NOx
Where it burns: Japan — TEPCO area
Generation mix: Gas 44 · Coal 28 · Solar 11 · Nuclear 6
Diesel backup: Diesel backup is not yet counted for this campus, so on-site air figures are a floor.
CO₂e: 1,785 kt/yr — climate, not air quality

The project, approvals and community concerns

Who asked for it: Japanese enterprises and government, plus AWS, Microsoft and Google regions and SoftBank's AI buildout
Who approved it: Chiba prefecture and Inzai city; TEPCO supply — Japan's post-Fukushima gas-and-coal mix keeps carbon intensity high
What it serves: Japanese cloud regions, financial exchanges, and sovereign AI programmes
IT capacity: 600 MW current capacity / 1,100 MW full-build scenario

Japan's compute is concentrated on a seismic zone near Tokyo for latency reasons, on a grid that is still carbon-heavy because most reactors remain offline. Both AWS and Microsoft announced multi-billion expansions here in 2024–25.

coal-heavy grid

Keep this guide handy

35.8320°, 140.1450°

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Quote or share these estimates

Gigawatt Ledger (2026). Inzai / Greater Tokyo cluster: water and air. https://gigawatt-ledger.pages.dev/site/tokyo/. Modelled from disclosed capacity; site-level error ±40%.

Include the estimate’s date, whether it describes current or proposed capacity, and its uncertainty. Get an embeddable card.

Gigawatt Ledger · September 2026. Water and air figures are estimated from public records and disclosed capacity. How we calculate them · Use this in your community.